Fiber supplements are nutritional products that are available over the counter at drugstores, health food stores, big box stores, and online. They come in a variety of formulations, including capsules, powders, and pills, and contain one of three types of fiber: psyllium, methylcellulose, or polycarbophil.
Fiber supplements are typically taken to maintain a healthy digestive system, prevent or treat constipation, or help lower cholesterol and blood sugar. While generally regarded as safe, they can cause side effects such as bloating or gas, particularly if overused or not taken as directed.
If you are considering taking a fiber supplement, this article will help you better understand the benefits, side effects, possible interactions, and appropriate dosing of each of the different supplement types.
Health Benefits of Fiber Supplement
Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that's naturally found in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains. Fiber is important for maintaining regular bowel movements and offers numerous other benefits that extend well beyond digestive health.
The bottom line is that most people in the United States do not eat enough fiber from the foods they eat due in part to the high consumption of processed and fast foods in the typical American diet. Fiber supplements are one option if you are falling beneath the U.S. government's recommendations for the daily consumption of fiber.
Recommended Adult Daily Intake of Dietary Fiber | ||
---|---|---|
Age Group | Female | Male |
19-30 | 29 grams/day | 34 grams/day |
31-50 | 25 grams/day | 31 grams/day |
51 and over | 22 grams/day | 28 grams/day |
Fiber supplements are not intended to replace fiber found naturally in food. But, if you are not getting enough—perhaps because you are getting older and are eating smaller meals—fiber supplements may be a reasonable option.
The potential benefits of fiber supplements include:
- Maintaining regular, healthy bowel movements
- Preventing or treating constipation
- Relieving symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or diverticular disease
- Helping lower blood cholesterol (and, in turn, the risk of heart disease)
- Helping lower blood sugar (to better manage or prevent type 2 diabetes)
- Aiding with weight loss (as fiber is filling and has few calories)
- Potentially reducing the risk of colon cancer
How to Add Fiber to Your Diet
Possible Side Effects
Fiber supplements are generally regarded as not only safe but beneficial to one's health. With that aid, there are potential side effects you may experience, including:
- Gas
- Cramping
- Bloating
- Diarrhea or constipation if taken in excess
- Reduction of blood sugar level (which may require you to adjust doses if you are taking diabetes medications)
Some of these side effects (like gas, cramping, and bloating) tend to subside as your body adapts to the increased fiber intake.
Possible Drug Interactions
Because of the ways fiber supplements increase bulk in the intestinal tract, they can potentially interfere with the absorption of certain medications or supplements, including:
- Bile acid sequestrants like Questran (cholestyramine) or Colestid (colestipol)
- Diabetes medications like Diabeta (glyburide) and Glucophage (metformin)
- Tricyclic antidepressants like Elavil (amitriptyline) and Tofranil (imipramine)
- Tegretol (carbamazepine), an anti-seizure drug
Drug interactions like these may or may not be significant. Even so, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider before starting fiber supplements to ensure they are safe and appropriate for you.
7 Best Things You Can Do to Ease Your Constipation
Dosage and Preparation
Fiber supplements come in a variety of formulations, including powders to be mixed with water or another liquid or capsules to be swallowed whole. Fiber is also often added to foods like crackers, cookies, cereals, and bars.
Dosage will vary based on the product and the desired effects. It's generally advisable to start with a low dose and build up until you've reached the recommended total daily fiber intake, which should always take into account your dietary sources of fiber.
Psyllium
Made from the seeds of a plant in the Plantago genus, psyllium contains 70% soluble fiber (which turns into a gel, helping soften stools) and 30% insoluble fiber (which adds bulk to stool and aids with normal digestion).
In the gut, psyllium undergoes fermentation to become a food source for the "good" bacteria. For this reason, psyllium can cause gas.
Psyllium can be effective in treating constipation and IBS. It has roughly 20 calories per tablespoon. Brand names include Metamucil, Fiberall, Hydrocil, Konsyl, and Serutan. Most are sold in powder form and mixed with 8 ounces of water.
A typical dosage of psyllium is 5 to 10 grams (g) with meals at least once daily
Methylcellulose
Methylcellulose is non-allergenic, non-fermentable fiber created from the cell walls of plants. It's a soluble fiber that pulls in water to create a softer stool. It is often used to maintain regular bowel movements and to treat constipation and some causes of diarrhea.
Methylcellulose is sold under the brand name Citrucel and is available both as a caplet and powder. Regular Citrucel has roughly 60 calories per dose, while Sugar-Free Citrucel has 24 calories per dose.
The recommended dosage of Citrucel is as follows:
- Caplets: Two 500-milligram (mg) caplets up to six times per day, followed by an 8-ounce glass of water
- Powder: A heaping tablespoon (roughly 2 grams) mixed with 8 ounces of water up to four times daily.
Polycarbophil
Polycarbophil is a soluble fiber that water in the intestinal tract and creates a bulkier, softer stool. It does not ferment and is not absorbed by the body. As such, there is less likely to be gas or bloating.
Polycarbophil may be used to treat constipation and bowel movement irregularities, but it is not appropriate for people who with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
Polycarbophil is sold under the brand names FiberCon, Fiber Lax, Equalactin, and Mitrolan. Most are around 10 calories per dose and come as either regular tablets or chewable tablets.
The typical dosage of polycarbophil is 625 mg per day, followed by an 8-ounce glass of water. For the treatment of acute constipation, you can take 1,250 mg up to four times per day with an 8-ounce glass of water
What to Look For
When shopping for fiber supplements, you'll want to make sure it contains the type of fiber you want. Some supplements also have added sugar, salt, flavorings, or dyes, which you may want to avoid. For these reasons, make sure to check the ingredients listed on the packaging before making your purchase.
Which Fiber Supplement Is Best?
There is no strong evidence that psyllium, methylcellulose, or polycarbophil is inherently "better" than the other options or that pills, powders, or capsules are more or less effective.
The choice of fiber supplement is ultimately a personal one, ideally made with input from your healthcare provider.
Best Fiber Supplements for Regularity
Summary
Fiber supplements can be used to add to the dietary fiber you get from food. They can help ensure regular bowel movements, treat acute bouts of constipation and help lower cholesterol and blood sugar. There is evidence that they can reduce the risk of heart disease and even colon cancer.
Fiber supplements contain either psyllium, methylcellulose, or polycarbophil. Each works slightly differently from the others with different doses but, as a group, they are generally regarded as safe for daily use. Side effects include gas, bloating, and cramping.
A Word From Verywell
Fiber supplements are available over the counter and are considered safe for most people. If you have a medical condition you think might improve by taking a fiber supplement, talk to your healthcare provider first. If you are experiencing diarrhea or constipation regularly, youmay need to be evaluated for a digestive condition before starting to treat it with fiber.
Frequently Asked Questions
What foods are high in fiber?
Among the richest sources of dietary fiber:
- Cereal
- Popcorn
- Whole grains (especially bulgur, spelt, teff, barley, and oat bran)
- Beans
- Lentils
- Vegetables (artichokes, canned pumpkin, cooked parsnips, winter squash, turnip greens)
- Whole fruits and berries
- Fresh vegetables (broccoli, Brussels sprouts, beets, and carrots)
- Legumes (lentils, split peas, kidney beans, chickpeas, black beans, pinto beans)
- Seeds (pumpkin, chia, sunflower, flax)
What's the best time of day to take a fiber supplement?
Recommendations vary, but you may want to divide your dose into two or even three portions to take at evenly spaced intervals throughout the day. For example, the makers of Metamucil advise taking their product three times a day with meals. This can help prevent bloating and gas that sometimes occur as a result of taking a large dose all at once.
Is it OK to take a fiber supplement every day?
For most healthy people, it is perfectly fine to take a daily fiber supplement and many people rely on them to make up for a lack of fiber in their diet. That said, it's always best to get nutrients from dietary sources, so if you need to boost your fiber intake, start by eating more fiber-rich foods.
Can I take a fiber supplement at the same time I take my other medications?
In general, you should avoid taking your medications with your fiber supplements. Since a fiber supplement passes through the digestive system relatively quickly, a medication taken at the same time as a supplement can be excreted in your stool before your body has a chance to absorb it. Ask your healthcare provider about the ideal timing.
13 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
McRorie J. Evidence-based approach to fiber supplements and clinically meaningful health benefits, part 1.Nutr Today. 2015;50(2):82-89. doi:10.1097/nt.0000000000000082
Lyon M, Kacinik V. Is there a place for dietary fiber supplements in weight management?Curr Obes Rep. 2012;1(2):59-67. doi:10.1007/s13679-012-0016-9
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Food sources of dietary fiber. In: Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025.
Jalanka J, Major G, Murray K et al. The effect of psyllium husk on intestinal microbiota in constipated patients and healthy controls.Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(2):433. doi:10.3390/ijms20020433
Liu L, Wang S, Liu J. Fiber consumption and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015;59(1):139-46. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201400449
Drugs.com. Fiber capsules side effects.
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Fiber.
Harvard Health Publishing. By the way doctor? Will a fiber supplement interfere with my medications?
Bruma Jose M.Satiety effects of psyllium in healthy volunteers.Appetite. 2016;105:27-36. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.041
Metamucil. Metamucil FAQS.
PubChem. Methylcellulose.
Drugs.com. Polycarbophil.
University of California San Francisco. Increasing Fiber Intake.
(Video) Best Fiber Supplements To Help You Poop
By Amber J. Tresca
Amber J. Tresca is a freelance writer and speaker who covers digestive conditions, including IBD. She was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis at age 16.
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FAQs
What is the best form of fiber to take? ›
Fiber-rich foods include fruits, vegetables, whole grains and legumes. Many cereals, such as bran flakes, are good sources of fiber.
What is the best fiber supplement to keep you regular? ›- Best overall fiber supplement: Bellway Super Fiber + Fruit.
- Best organic fiber supplement: Renew Life Superfood Organic Prebiotic Fiber.
- Best wheat dextrin supplement: Benefiber Original.
- Best raw fiber supplement: Garden of Life Raw Organic Fiber.
- Best fiber supplement for constipation: Fibercon.
There's no evidence that daily use of fiber supplements — such as psyllium (Metamucil, Konsyl, others) or methylcellulose (Citrucel) — is harmful. Fiber has a number of health benefits, including normalizing bowel function and preventing constipation.
Which is better Metamucil or fiber pills? ›Metamucil has been shown to have more health benefits overall versus Benefiber. In addition to being a fiber supplement, Metamucil is a proven bulk-forming laxative. It also has been shown to reduce heart disease by reducing LDL cholesterol.
Which fiber pill has the most fiber? ›NOW Supplements Psyllium Husk Powder
This fiber supplement has the highest fiber concentration on the list, with seven grams of dietary fiber, one gram of insoluble fiber and six grams of soluble fiber. You also get eight percent of the recommended daily value of iron for the day.
Which Is Better, Capsules, Tablets, or Powders? It doesn't really matter which form the fiber comes in. Some people like powders, others are put off by them. The important thing to know is how many grams of fiber are in each form.
What is the healthiest way to get daily fiber? ›Fresh fruits, raw vegetables, low-fat popcorn and whole-grain crackers are all good choices. A handful of nuts or dried fruits also is a healthy, high-fiber snack — although be aware that nuts and dried fruits are high in calories.
What can I take daily to keep my bowels regular? ›Eat high-fiber foods such as whole-wheat grains, fresh vegetables, and beans. Use products containing psyllium, such as Metamucil, to add bulk to the stools. Try to drink 2 to 3 liters of fluid a day (unless you have a medical condition that requires you to restrict your fluid intake).
Is Citrucel the same as Metamucil? ›No, Metamucil, Citrucel, Miralax, and Colace are not the same thing. While they all can help treat constipation, Metamucil, Citrucel, Miralax, and Colace all work differently and therefore have different uses. Metamucil and Citrucel and Miralax belong to two different drug classes.
What are the side effects of taking Metamucil daily? ›- Nausea or vomiting. Nausea is a common side effect reported for many medications. ...
- Gas. Feeling gassy can be uncomfortable and embarrassing. ...
- Abdominal cramping and bloating. Abdominal cramping and bloating are also common Metamucil side effects. ...
- Diarrhea. ...
- Bowel obstruction.
When should you not take fiber supplements? ›
If you have any chronic disease, talk to a doctor before you start using a fiber supplement. The sugar and salt in some supplements, particularly powders, might be risky for people with diabetes or high blood pressure. People with diabetes may want to choose a sugar-free powder or another form of fiber.
Why not take psyllium husk at night? ›Using psyllium husk
Usually you'll need to take it twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. When you take your evening dose you'll need to make sure you wait an hour before you go to bed – if you go to sleep too soon, this can cause a blockage in the gut.
Stop using Metamucil and call your doctor at once if you have: constipation that lasts longer than 7 days; rectal bleeding; or. severe stomach pain.
Does Benefiber have a downside? ›Risks of Benefiber and Metamucil
Some people might experience gas or stomach cramps while taking these supplements, though the symptoms may go away as the body gets used to the supplement. If this happens, reduce the dosage or drink extra water while taking the supplement.
Your best bet? Take fiber supplements before bed if you take medications or other supplements in the morning or take fiber supplements in the morning if you take medications or other supplements before bed.
Are fiber pills the same as Metamucil? ›A: Five Metamucil Capsules are approximately equivalent to one serving of Metamucil Powder. Depending on the benefits one wants to get from the product, one can use a different number of Capsules. For adding some dietary fiber to the diet, one can take as little as 2 Capsules per serving.
Does fiber in pill form work? ›Fiber supplements may appear to be a healthy option to increase fiber intake, but clinical evidence supports that most fibers in supplements do not provide any of the health benefits associated with a high‐fiber diet.
Which fiber makes you poop faster? ›Soluble fiber absorbs water and forms a gel-like consistency, softening stool and making it easier to pass ( 21 ). On the other hand, insoluble fiber passes through the digestive tract intact and adds bulk to stool ( 22 ).
Can Citrucel make constipation worse? ›Citrucel contains methylcellulose, a type of fiber that adds bulk to your stool. This helps it move through your digestive tract more easily ( 1 ). Multiple studies in the 1980s found that it can treat constipation and improve the frequency, consistency, and ease of stool passage ( 6 , 7 ).
How do I know if I need a fiber supplement? ›A sign that more fiber or a fiber supplement be including in the diet is constantly feeling hungry. If you are a person who gets hungry immediately after eating, this is a telltale sign that you are lacking fiber. Fiber also helps to regulate blood sugar levels by slowly breaking down foods to be used as fuel.
Is Metamucil enough fiber? ›
Fiber supplements like Metamucil can help increase your daily fiber intake. One serving of Metamucil's Sugar Free and Real Sugar Powders give you 3 grams of dietary fiber per serving. New Metamucil users should start with one serving per day, and gradually increase to desired daily intake.
What are symptoms of too much fiber? ›- bloating.
- abdominal pain.
- flatulence.
- loose stools or diarrhea.
- constipation.
- temporary weight gain.
- intestinal blockage in people with Crohn's disease.
- reduced blood sugar levels, which is important to know if you have diabetes.
- Eat whole-food carb sources. Fiber is a type of carb found in plant-based foods. ...
- Include veggies in meals, and eat them first. ...
- Eat popcorn. ...
- Snack on fruit. ...
- Choose whole grains over refined grains. ...
- Take a fiber supplement. ...
- Eat chia seeds. ...
- Eat whole fruits and vegetables, not juice.
Drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated is a great way to regulate digestion. People who support a water flush for colon cleansing recommend drinking six to eight glasses of lukewarm water per day. Also try eating plenty of foods high in fiber & water content.
How can I clear my bowels every morning? ›Try to sit on the toilet 15 to 20 minutes after breakfast. Do not ignore the call to open your bowels. Putting off the call to go can cause constipation. Try to work with the body's natural rhythm (emptying the bowel first thing in the morning).
What can I take to empty my bowels every morning? ›- Load up on foods with fibre. ...
- Or, take a fibre supplement. ...
- Drink some coffee — preferably *hot.* ...
- Get a little exercise in. ...
- Try massaging your perineum — no, really. ...
- Try an over-the-counter laxative. ...
- Or try a prescription laxative if things get really bad.
This medicine may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using Citrucel if you have phenylketonuria (PKU). Ask your doctor before taking Citrucel if you are pregnant or breast-feeding a baby. Do not give this medicine to a child younger than 6 years old without medical advice.
When should you not take Citrucel? ›Citrucel Contraindications
You should not use this medicine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to any bulk-forming laxative. You should not use if you have intestinal blockage, severe stomach pain or fever, or rectal bleeding that you don't know the cause of.
We found Peak Performance Psyllium Husk Powder to be the best alternative to Metamucil. It contains pure psyllium husk (Metamucil's main ingredient) and is half the price per serving (2 capsules of Peak vs. 5 capsules of Metamucil).
Should I take Metamucil at night or in the morning? ›A: Any time of day is appropriate to take Metamucil fiber as long as an adequate intake of fluids (at least 8 ounces of water or liquid per serving) is consumed. We recommend taking Metamucil between one and three times per day at mealtimes as a convenient way to get the benefits of Metamucil.
What happens to your body when you start taking Metamucil? ›
Start with one serving daily of Metamucil at first, then gradually increase to your desired intake. You may experience gas or bloating in the first few days as your body adjusts to the added fiber. This is normal and should go away as your body gets used to the added fiber.
What medications are affected by Metamucil? ›- aspirin.
- atorvastatin.
- cyclobenzaprine.
- Fish Oil (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids)
- furosemide.
- gabapentin.
- hydrochlorothiazide.
- levothyroxine.
Fiber supplements contain either psyllium, methylcellulose, or polycarbophil. Each works slightly differently from the others with different doses but, as a group, they are generally regarded as safe for daily use. Side effects include gas, bloating, and cramping.
What is the best time of day to take fiber? ›The Best Time to Take Fiber
It is often recommended to take a fiber supplement up to twice per day, before a meal, and with a glass of water. This would ensure you're keeping your digestive system balanced throughout the day.
Try the experts' advice: Spread out your high-fiber foods evenly throughout your day. When it comes to eating fiber, the best time is any time. The caveat, however, is not to overdo at any one meal.
What is the best form of psyllium to take? ›The husks or hulls are what you need to help with constipation — which means that either the powder or the hulls are the most suitable options. The powder is simply the hulls ground more finely. Some people prefer the finer texture, but you can rest assured that both the powder and hulls will work equally well.
What should you not take with psyllium? ›- Antidepressant medications, Tricyclics. ...
- Carbemazepine (Tegretol) ...
- Cholesterol-lowering medications (bile acid sequestrants) ...
- Diabetes medications. ...
- Digoxin. ...
- Lithium.
Although fibers like psyllium husk pack some powerful benefits for your body, if you suddenly increase your fiber consumption, it takes a while for your digestive system to adjust. Until then, it's very common to experience feelings of gas, bloating and even constipation.
Why does Metamucil work so well? ›The psyllium in Metamucil forms a viscous gel, which traps some sugars as the gel moves down the intestine. Trapped sugars are slowly released and absorbed into the body—helping the body maintain healthy blood sugar levels.
How can I firm up my stools? ›Try sources of soluble fibre to help firm up stool. Limit fried or fatty foods since these can worsen diarrhea. Some high fibre foods may contribute to diarrhea. Foods with lots of sugar may worsen diarrhea, such as regular pop, candy, large quantities of juice, and chocolate milk.
Does Metamucil affect gut health? ›
Metamucil may cause mild digestive issues for some people and can interfere with certain medications. Be sure to drink plenty of water and increase your dosage slowly to prevent side effects.
Which is safer Metamucil or Benefiber? ›Metamucil has been shown to have more health benefits overall versus Benefiber. In addition to being a fiber supplement, Metamucil is a proven bulk-forming laxative. It also has been shown to reduce heart disease by reducing LDL cholesterol.
Which is better Benefiber or Citrucel? ›For example, FiberCon (calcium polycarbophil) and Benefiber (wheat dextrin) are mainly soluble fiber. They tend to cause more bloating and flatulence. Citrucel (methylcellulose) is mainly insoluble fibers that are nonfermentable, so it's less likely to contribute to bloating and gas.
Why was Benefiber taken off the market? ›Benefiber Prebiotic Supplements Being Recalled Due To Possible Plastic Contamination. BALTIMORE (WJZ) -- Five lots of Benefiber brand prebiotic powder supplements are being recalled due to possible plastic contamination, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration says.
Is it OK to take fiber supplements daily? ›There's no evidence that daily use of fiber supplements — such as psyllium (Metamucil, Konsyl, others) or methylcellulose (Citrucel) — is harmful. Fiber has a number of health benefits, including normalizing bowel function and preventing constipation.
What medications should not be taken with fiber? ›Fiber in the form of pectin (from fruit) and oat bran reportedly reduces the body's ability to absorb cholesterol-lowering medications known as "statins," including lovastatin (Mevacor) and atorvastatin (Lipitor), and could lead to decreased effectiveness of these medications.
Are fiber gummies effective? ›A: Yes! Increasing your fiber intake is a great way to prevent and treat constipation. If your diet is lacking the fiber you need, turning to a fiber gummy is a great option.
What natural Fibre can I take to keep my bowel moving? ›Plums (prunes), apricots, peaches, and nectarines are high in insoluble fiber, which is responsible for regular bowel movements. Rich in fiber and sorbitol, a natural laxative. 100 g of fresh apricots contains 12% of your daily dietary fiber intake.
Does Metamucil help keep you regular? ›Does Metamucil Help with Occasional Constipation? Metamucil is made with psyllium husk, a plant-based fiber that helps promote digestive health and regularity. * It also acts as a non-stimulant laxative that relieves occasional constipation, generally helping you produce a bowel movement in 12 to 72 hours.
What is the best supplement to poop every morning? ›Berookim does recommend supplementation. "For patients who are having trouble having a bowel movement in the morning, I recommend psyllium such as Metamucil ($30), a laxative such as Colace ($9) or an osmotic laxative (which attracts water to your colon) such as MiraLAX ($15) prior to going to bed," he says.
What helps bowels move quickly? ›
Home remedies for constipation can include increasing your fiber intake or taking a laxative, using a suppository, or taking a stool softener. Trying out a squat position, doing light exercise, or performing a colonic massage may also help.
How do you empty your bowels first thing in the morning? ›Try to sit on the toilet 15 to 20 minutes after breakfast. Do not ignore the call to open your bowels. Putting off the call to go can cause constipation. Try to work with the body's natural rhythm (emptying the bowel first thing in the morning).
What are the disadvantages of Metamucil? ›Common Metamucil side effects include gas, bloating, and nausea. It's best to take Metamucil as directed to help prevent potentially dangerous side effects, such as blockages in the intestines. Speak with your healthcare provider before adding Metamucil to your daily routine.
When should you not take Metamucil? ›Contraindicated in people with fecal impaction or gastrointestinal obstruction (bowel blockage). Some people are allergic to psyllium, and Metamucil should be stopped and emergency treatment sought if hives, difficulty breathing, or facial swelling occurs. Not suitable for children younger than six.
What time of day should I take fiber supplement? ›The Best Time to Take Fiber
It is often recommended to take a fiber supplement up to twice per day, before a meal, and with a glass of water. This would ensure you're keeping your digestive system balanced throughout the day.
Supplements such as magnesium, fiber, probiotics, and senna may be particularly helpful.